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Overfull \vbox (2.49998pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [1 ] Overfull \vbox (2.49998pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [2] (./hdr.toc LaTeX Font Info: External font `cmex10' loaded for size (Font) <8> on input line 3. LaTeX Font Info: External font `cmex10' loaded for size (Font) <6> on input line 3. [3 ] Underfull \hbox (badness 1895) in paragraph at lines 52--52 [][] []\OT1/ptm/m/n/12 Les fermetures bas[]ees sur une []equation pronostique de l'[]energie [] Overfull \vbox (3.44379pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [4] Overfull \vbox (3.44379pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [5]) \tf@toc=\write3 \openout3 = `hdr.toc'. Overfull \vbox (3.44379pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [6] (./merci.tex) (./intro/intro.tex Overfull \vbox (3.44379pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [7] Overfull \vbox (3.44379pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [8 ] Chapitre 1. [9] Underfull \hbox (badness 1642) in paragraph at lines 91--110 \OT1/ptm/m/n/12 sur des milliers de kilom[]etres. A certaines p[]eriodes de l'a nn[]ee, ces temp[]etes peuvent [] Overfull \vbox (2.49998pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [10] Underfull \hbox (badness 4454) in paragraph at lines 153--153 []\OT1/ptm/b/n/17.28 Repr[]esentation du trans-port des tra-ceurs dans les [] Overfull \vbox (3.44379pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [11] Overfull \vbox (2.49998pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [12] Overfull \vbox (2.49998pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [13] Overfull \vbox (2.49998pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [14]) (./lmdzt/lmdzt.tex Overfull \vbox (2.49998pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [15] Overfull \vbox (2.49998pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [16 ] Chapitre 2. 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[] Underfull \hbox (badness 10000) in paragraph at lines 402--402 \OT1/ptm/m/n/12 Les si-mu-la-tions sont [] Underfull \hbox (badness 10000) in paragraph at lines 402--402 \OT1/ptm/m/n/12 les temp[]eratures de [] Underfull \hbox (badness 5832) in paragraph at lines 402--402 \OT1/ptm/m/n/12 sur-face de l'oc[]ean et [] File: lmdzt/FIGURES/precip7g.eps Graphic file (type eps) Underfull \hbox (badness 2401) in paragraph at lines 420--420 []\OT1/ptm/m/sc/12 Fig. \OT1/ptm/m/n/12 2.3 { Cli-ma-to-lo- [] Underfull \hbox (badness 10000) in paragraph at lines 420--420 \OT1/ptm/m/n/12 gie des pr[]ecipitations [] Underfull \hbox (badness 10000) in paragraph at lines 420--420 \OT1/ptm/m/n/12 en juillet dans deux [] Underfull \hbox (badness 10000) in paragraph at lines 420--420 \OT1/ptm/m/n/12 ver-sions du mod[]ele [] Underfull \hbox (badness 4060) in paragraph at lines 420--420 \OT1/ptm/m/n/12 LMDZ. 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[] Underfull \hbox (badness 10000) in paragraph at lines 420--420 \OT1/ptm/m/n/12 Les si-mu-la-tions sont [] Underfull \hbox (badness 10000) in paragraph at lines 420--420 \OT1/ptm/m/n/12 les temp[]eratures de [] Underfull \hbox (badness 5832) in paragraph at lines 420--420 \OT1/ptm/m/n/12 sur-face de l'oc[]ean et [] Overfull \vbox (3.44379pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [24] Overfull \vbox (3.44379pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [25] Overfull \vbox (3.44379pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [26] File: lmdzt/FIGURES/img283.epsi Graphic file (type eps) Underfull \vbox (badness 10000) has occurred while \output is active [] Overfull \vbox (3.44379pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [27] Underfull \hbox (badness 1348) in paragraph at lines 519--527 []\OT1/ptm/m/n/12 Autre atout important, cette conception modulaire permet de g []erer en parall[]ele des [] Overfull \vbox (3.44379pt too high) has occurred while 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paragraph at lines 551--554 []\OT1/ptm/m/n/12 Cette approche en flux altern[]es est utilis[]ee assez syst[] ematiquement dans les calculs [] Overfull \vbox (3.44379pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [41] File: lmdzt/FIGURES/pole.eps Graphic file (type eps) Overfull \vbox (3.44379pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [42] Overfull \vbox (3.44379pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [43] Overfull \vbox (3.44379pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [44] File: lmdzt/FIGURES/uvn.eps Graphic file (type eps) Overfull \vbox (3.44379pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [45] Overfull \vbox (3.44379pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [46]) (./lmdzt/turbulence.tex Overfull \vbox (2.49998pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [47] File: lmdzt/FIGURES/massflux.eps Graphic file (type eps) Underfull \hbox (badness 1152) in paragraph at lines 79--85 []\OT1/ptm/m/n/12 L'ascendance est 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too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [66]) (./therm/therm.tex Overfull \vbox (2.49998pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [67] Overfull \vbox (3.44379pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [68 ] Chapitre 3. [69] Underfull \hbox (badness 2941) in paragraph at lines 158--169 []\OT1/ptm/m/n/12 Dans ce chapitre, on revient assez largement sur les approche s classiques de la [] Overfull \vbox (3.44379pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [70]) (./therm/kdiff.tex Underfull \hbox (badness 3646) in paragraph at lines 36--41 \OT1/ptm/m/n/12 physique sous-tendue est l'existence de petites structures turb ulentes avec une taille [] Overfull \vbox (3.44379pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [71] Overfull \vbox (3.44379pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [72] Overfull \vbox (3.44379pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [73] Overfull \vbox (3.44379pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [74] Overfull \vbox (3.44379pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [75] File: therm/FIGURES/MARS/pbl_t.eps Graphic file (type eps) File: therm/FIGURES/MARS/pbl_u_ref.eps Graphic file (type eps) File: therm/FIGURES/MARS/pbl_v.eps Graphic file (type eps) File: therm/FIGURES/MARS/pbl_q_ref.eps Graphic file (type eps) File: therm/FIGURES/MARS/pbl_q.eps Graphic file (type eps) LaTeX Warning: Float too large for page by 35.08495pt on input line 452. 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Mais se pose alors [] File: therm/FIGURES/OLIVIA/C/T0b.eps Graphic file (type eps) Overfull \vbox (3.44379pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [136] Overfull \vbox (2.49998pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [137] File: therm/FIGURES/OLIVIA/C/T3b.eps Graphic file (type eps) File: therm/FIGURES/OLIVIA/C/T4b.eps Graphic file (type eps) File: therm/FIGURES/OLIVIA/C/q3b.eps Graphic file (type eps) File: therm/FIGURES/OLIVIA/C/qsol0b.eps Graphic file (type eps) Underfull \hbox (badness 10000) in paragraph at lines 257--265 []$[][]$ [] Overfull \vbox (3.44379pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [138] Underfull \hbox (badness 2680) in paragraph at lines 297--306 []\OT1/ptm/m/n/12 On voit que le mod[]ele a suffisamment de libert[]e pour v[]e ritablement []evaluer les [] ) (./retro/retro.tex Overfull \vbox (2.49998pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [139] Overfull \vbox (3.44379pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [140 ] Chapitre 4. [141] Underfull \hbox (badness 3088) in paragraph at lines 125--147 \OT1/ptm/m/n/12 eul[]erienne du transport, le r[]etro-transport est g[]en[]eral ement r[]eserv[]e []a une description [] Overfull \vbox (3.44379pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [142] Overfull \vbox (2.49998pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [143] Overfull \vbox (3.44379pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [144]) (./retro/transport.tex Overfull \vbox (3.44379pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [145] File: retro/FIGURES/schemaA1g.eps Graphic file (type eps) File: retro/FIGURES/schemaA2g.eps Graphic file (type eps) File: retro/FIGURES/schemaBg.eps Graphic file (type eps) Underfull \vbox (badness 2538) has occurred while \output is active [] Overfull \vbox (3.44379pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [146] Overfull \vbox (3.44379pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [147] Overfull \vbox (3.44379pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [148] Underfull \hbox (badness 1371) in paragraph at lines 374--379 \OT1/ptm/m/n/12 observable quelconque (ici $\OMS/cmsy/m/n/12 M$\OT1/ptm/m/n/12 ) et n'importe quel param[]etre d'entr[]ee (ici la source, la [] Overfull \vbox (3.44379pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [149] Overfull \vbox (3.44379pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [150] Underfull \hbox (badness 3148) in paragraph at lines 498--506 \OT1/ptm/m/n/12 Dans le cas o[]u l'[]equation d'[]evolution conserve le produit scalaire $[]$, on a donc [] ) (./retro/param.tex Underfull \hbox (badness 1237) in paragraph at lines 7--25 []\OT1/ptm/m/n/12 On a d[]ej[]a vu plus haut que, pour des raisons pratiques [] a la fois de connaissance [] Overfull \vbox (3.44379pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [151] Underfull \hbox (badness 1107) in paragraph at lines 38--40 []\OT1/ptm/m/n/12 Le m[]eme traitement peut []etre appliqu[]e []a l'[]equation du r[]etro-transport en changeant [] Overfull \vbox (3.44379pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [152] Overfull \vbox (3.44379pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [153] Underfull \hbox (badness 1354) in paragraph at lines 176--180 \OT1/ptm/m/n/12 ($\OMS/cmsy/m/n/12 S$ \OT1/ptm/m/n/12 est le domaine de l'int[] egration horizontale) comme somme des contributions de la [] Overfull \vbox (3.44379pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [154] File: retro/massflux2.eps Graphic file (type eps) Overfull \vbox (3.44379pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [155] Overfull \vbox (3.44379pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [156] Overfull \vbox (3.44379pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [157]) (./retro/numeric.tex Overfull \vbox (3.44379pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [158] File: retro/tr01.eps Graphic file (type eps) File: retro/legend.eps Graphic file (type eps) File: retro/tr06.eps Graphic file (type eps) File: retro/tr01z.eps Graphic file (type eps) File: retro/legendz.eps Graphic file (type eps) File: retro/tr06z.eps Graphic file (type eps) Overfull \vbox (3.44379pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [159] File: retro/FIGURES/D05.eps Graphic file (type eps) File: retro/FIGURES/fmts.eps Graphic file (type eps) Underfull \vbox (badness 2111) has occurred while \output is active [] Overfull \vbox (3.44379pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [160] Overfull \vbox (3.44379pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [161] Overfull \vbox (3.44379pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [162] Overfull \vbox (3.44379pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [163] Overfull \vbox (3.44379pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [164] Overfull \vbox (3.44379pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [165] Overfull \vbox (3.44379pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [166]) (./retro/inversion.tex Overfull \vbox (3.44379pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [167] File: retro/FIGURES/dirvl2E1mu2.eps Graphic file (type eps) File: retro/FIGURES/dirvl2E2mu2.eps Graphic file (type eps) File: retro/FIGURES/vl2.mu2.nt30.E0.eps Graphic file (type eps) File: retro/FIGURES/vl2.mu2.nt150.E0.eps Graphic file (type eps) File: retro/FIGURES/vl2.mu2.nt30.E1.eps Graphic file (type eps) File: retro/FIGURES/vl2.mu2.nt150.E1.eps Graphic file (type eps) File: retro/FIGURES/vl2.mu2.nt30.E2.eps Graphic file (type eps) File: retro/FIGURES/vl2.mu2.nt150.E2.eps Graphic file (type eps) File: retro/FIGURES/vl1.mu2.nt30.E2.eps Graphic file (type eps) File: retro/FIGURES/vl1.mu2.nt150.E2.eps Graphic file (type eps) LaTeX Warning: Float too large for page by 134.0104pt on input line 107. 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Il s'agit d'une proc[]edure it[]erative qui n[]ecessite , []a chaque pas, au moins une [] File: retro/FIGURES/cost.eps Graphic file (type eps) File: retro/FIGURES/err.eps Graphic file (type eps) File: retro/FIGURES/qi.eps Graphic file (type eps) File: retro/FIGURES/q50.eps Graphic file (type eps) Underfull \hbox (badness 3525) in paragraph at lines 376--376 []\OT1/ptm/m/sc/12 Fig. \OT1/ptm/m/n/12 4.8 { R[]esultats d'exp[]erience d'assi milation variationnelle avec des observations [] Overfull \vbox (3.44379pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [172] Underfull \vbox (badness 10000) has occurred while \output is active [] Overfull \vbox (3.44379pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [173]) (./retro/applications.tex File: retro/FIGURES/jours.eps Graphic file (type eps) File: retro/FIGURES/numf.eps Graphic file (type eps) LaTeX Warning: Float too large for page by 90.59277pt on input line 25. 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File: titan/FIGURES/huygens.eps Graphic file (type eps) [181 ] File: titan/FIGURES/huygens2.eps Graphic file (type eps) Overfull \vbox (17.94379pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [182] Overfull \vbox (3.44379pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [183]) (./titan/super.tex Underfull \hbox (badness 1360) in paragraph at lines 2--2 []\OT1/ptm/b/n/17.28 Mod[]elisation tri-di-men-sion-nelle de la cir-cu-la-tion stra- [] Underfull \vbox (badness 10000) has occurred while \output is active [] Overfull \vbox (17.94379pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [184] Overfull \vbox (3.44379pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [185] File: titan/FIGURES/lcterre.eps Graphic file (type eps) File: titan/FIGURES/lcsup.eps Graphic file (type eps) File: titan/FIGURES/tterre.eps Graphic file (type eps) File: titan/FIGURES/tsup.eps Graphic file (type eps) File: titan/FIGURES/uterre.eps Graphic file (type eps) File: titan/FIGURES/usup.eps Graphic file (type eps) File: titan/FIGURES/angterre.eps Graphic file (type eps) File: titan/FIGURES/angsup.eps Graphic file (type eps) Overfull \hbox (18.52284pt too wide) in paragraph at lines 140--165 [][] [] Underfull \vbox (badness 10000) has occurred while \output is active [] Overfull \vbox (17.94379pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [186] Overfull \vbox (3.44379pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [187] Underfull \hbox (badness 2376) in paragraph at lines 174--194 []\OT1/ptm/m/n/12 L'adaptation d'un mod[]ele de circulation atmosph[]erique aux conditions d'une autre [] Overfull \vbox (17.94379pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [188] File: titan/FIGURES/gierash.eps Graphic file (type eps) Overfull \vbox (3.44379pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [189] Underfull \hbox (badness 1067) in paragraph at lines 282--314 \OT1/ptm/m/n/12 dynamiquement instable (instabilit[]e inertielle). Prenons un [ ]ecoulement axi-sym[]etrique en [] File: titan/FIGURES/circu1.eps Graphic file (type eps) File: titan/FIGURES/circu2.eps Graphic file (type eps) LaTeX Warning: Float too large for page by 82.83203pt on input line 338. 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[] Underfull \hbox (badness 10000) in paragraph at lines 871--871 \OT1/ptm/b/n/12 a \OT1/ptm/m/n/12 : en-ri-chis-se-ment [] Underfull \hbox (badness 1168) in paragraph at lines 871--871 \OT1/ptm/m/n/12 au ni-veau du jet (40- [] Underfull \hbox (badness 10000) in paragraph at lines 871--871 \OT1/ptm/m/n/12 de temp[]erature entre [] Underfull \hbox (badness 10000) in paragraph at lines 871--871 \OT1/ptm/m/n/12 l'[]equateur et les [] Underfull \hbox (badness 1661) in paragraph at lines 871--871 \OT1/ptm/m/n/12 hautes la-ti-tudes (60N) [] Underfull \hbox (badness 10000) in paragraph at lines 871--871 \OT1/ptm/m/n/12 et asym[]etrie nord- [] Underfull \hbox (badness 10000) in paragraph at lines 871--871 \OT1/ptm/m/n/12 sud (diff[]erence de [] Underfull \hbox (badness 10000) in paragraph at lines 871--871 \OT1/ptm/m/n/12 et 60S) []a 190 km [] Underfull \hbox (badness 2310) in paragraph at lines 893--911 []\OT1/ptm/m/n/12 Les informations sur la dynamique de la stratosph[]ere moyenn e devraient provenir [] Overfull \vbox (17.94379pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [232] Overfull \vbox (2.49998pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [233]) (./titan/conclusions.tex Overfull \vbox (17.94379pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [234] Overfull \vbox (2.49998pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [235] Overfull \vbox (17.94379pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [236]) (./conclusion/conclusion.tex Overfull \vbox (2.49998pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [237] Overfull \vbox (17.94379pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [238 ] Chapitre 6. Underfull \hbox (badness 1755) in paragraph at lines 20--29 []\OT1/ptm/m/n/12 Dans ces mod[]eles num[]eriques, seule une partie de l'[]ecou lement atmosph[]erique est [] [239] Underfull \hbox (badness 1377) in paragraph at lines 57--68 []\OT1/ptm/m/n/12 Une approche traditionnelle pour les mod[]eles de circulation g[]en[]erale atmosph[]erique [] Underfull \hbox (badness 1102) in paragraph at lines 69--97 []\OT1/ptm/m/n/12 Il est donc important de trouver un moyen de valider les dite s param[]etrisations de [] Overfull \vbox (2.49998pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [240] Underfull \vbox (badness 4181) has occurred while \output is active [] Overfull \vbox (2.49998pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [241] File: conclusion/FIGURES/guichard2.eps Graphic file (type eps) Underfull \hbox (badness 4156) in paragraph at lines 275--302 []\OT1/ptm/m/n/12 Avec Jean-Yves Grand-peix, nous pen-sons []egalement pou-voir nous at-ta-quer []a la [] Overfull \vbox (2.49998pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [242] Overfull \vbox (3.44379pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [243] File: conclusion/FIGURES/guichard.eps Graphic file (type eps) Overfull \hbox (22.9756pt too wide) in paragraph at lines 321--324 [][] [] File: conclusion/FIGURES/mars1.eps Graphic file (type eps) Overfull \hbox (22.9756pt too wide) in paragraph at lines 328--330 [][] [] Underfull \vbox (badness 1478) has occurred while \output is active [] Overfull \vbox (2.49998pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [244] Underfull \vbox (badness 10000) has occurred while \output is active [] Overfull \vbox (3.44379pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [245] Overfull \vbox (2.49998pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [246]) (./acro.tex Overfull \vbox (3.44379pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [247] Overfull \vbox (2.49998pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [248 ] Annexe A. Underfull \hbox (badness 1478) in paragraph at lines 7--12 []\OT1/ptm/m/n/12 Analyses m[]et[]eorologiques : champs m[]et[]eoriques produit s par les centres de pr[]evision [] Underfull \hbox (badness 1490) in paragraph at lines 16--18 []\OT1/ptm/m/n/12 ARM : Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program, avec notamme nt un grand site [] Underfull \hbox (badness 1490) in paragraph at lines 19--21 []\OT1/ptm/m/n/12 CAPE : Convective Available Potential Energy ([]energie poten tielle disponible pour la [] [249] Underfull \hbox (badness 1199) in paragraph at lines 80--82 []\OT1/ptm/m/n/12 LODYC : Laboratoire d'Oc[]eanographie Dynamique et de Climato logie, membre de la [] Overfull \vbox (2.49998pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [250]) (./hdr.bbl Overfull \vbox (2.49998pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [251] Overfull \vbox (2.49998pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [252 ] [253] Overfull \vbox (2.49998pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [254] Overfull \vbox (2.49998pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [255] Overfull \vbox (2.49998pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [256] Overfull \vbox (2.49998pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [257] Overfull \vbox (2.49998pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [258] Overfull \vbox (2.49998pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [259] Overfull \vbox (2.49998pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [260] Underfull \hbox (badness 1776) in paragraph at lines 569--573 []\OT1/ptm/m/n/12 Krinner, G., N. Viovy, N. de Noblet-Ducoudr[]e, J. Og[]ee, J. Polcher, P. Friedlingstein, [] Underfull \hbox (badness 2173) in paragraph at lines 569--573 \OT1/ptm/m/n/12 of the coupled atmosphere-biosphere system, \OT1/ptm/m/it/12 Gl ob. Biogeochem. Cyc.\OT1/ptm/m/n/12 , \OT1/ptm/b/n/12 19\OT1/ptm/m/n/12 , GB101 5, [] Overfull \vbox (2.49998pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [261] Underfull \hbox (badness 2142) in paragraph at lines 633--635 []\OT1/ptm/m/n/12 Lilly, D. K., 1968 : Models of cloud-topped mixed layers unde r a strong inversion, [] Underfull \hbox (badness 2941) in paragraph at lines 652--656 []\OT1/ptm/m/n/12 Luz, D., F. Hourdin, P. Rannou, et S. Lebonnois, 2003\OT1/ptm /m/it/12 b \OT1/ptm/m/n/12 : Latitudinal transport by [] Underfull \hbox (badness 1331) in paragraph at lines 679--683 []\OT1/ptm/m/n/12 Marten, A., T. Hidayat, Y. Biraud, et R. Moreno, 2002 : New M illimeter Heterodyne [] Overfull \vbox (2.49998pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [262] Overfull \vbox (2.49998pt too high) has occurred while \output is active [] [263] Underfull \hbox (badness 1242) in paragraph at lines 766--768 []\OT1/ptm/m/n/12 Prather, M. J., 1986 : Numerical advection by conservation of second order moments, [] Underfull \hbox (badness 1776) in paragraph at lines 809--811 []\OT1/ptm/m/n/12 Rannou, P., S. Lebonnois, F. Hourdin, et D. 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